Airplane



AIRPLANE.

Filed Oct'. 12, 1942 3 SheBt eet 1 Qmj L/NDLEY W. M

Rama" April 24, 1945. 1.. w. MOORE AIRPLANE Filed Oct. '12, 1942 3Sheets-Sheet 2 April 24, 1945. w. MOORE AIRPLANE Filed 001'.. 12, 1942 3Sheets-Sheet 3 21 3: 551. hhtwzthu use neuron HOQWE Patented Apr. 24,1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

This invention refers to airplanes and flying machines and moreparticularly to improvements in the wing construction and the mechanismfor operating same. It has among its objects to provide a type of wingstructure that will re- Figure 6 is a sectional elevation taken alongquire less area for similar loads than would be line 6-6 of Figure 1,showing the mechanism used for the conventional types of airplanes. Itindicated in Figure 5, and the engine and proalso has for an object, theuse of its wing strucpeller tilting mechanism. ture so that it may landand take-off within Similar reference characters refer to similarlimited areas. Another object is to have its wing parts t ou the rawsstructures arranged for nesting the wings and The structure of theairplane consists of a for various adjustments in positions with regardbody orcabin portion I having an elongated to each other. A furtherobject is to provide for ari shape with its tail section 2 convergtheangularly varying of the positions of the ing a d mou t d i t O n fi s 3and wings to facilitate landing or taking 01f within a rud r The nOSefront P o 4 s P relatively limited runway. Still another object erablysemi-circularly rounded as indicated. The is to utilize the wingstructure to protect the prointerior 5 of the cabin follows conventionallines, peller mechanism and position it closer to the modified to suitthe requirements of the special effective center of buoyancy of theairplane. A mechanism used and installed within it to opstill furtherobject is to have the control of the 20 erate the wings. effectivesurface of the wings arranged for in- The wings termed auxiliary andmain wings are creasing or decreasing their area and thereby enmountedon the sides of the cabin and arran able the airplane to withstand theseverest wind in pairs and numbered 6 and 1 respectively. effects due tostorms and hurricanes and reduce ey e r v y narrow h eir fro t perthazards that Such d tions 8 and 9 respectively rounded and slightlyOther objects will become apparent as the inarger than the rear po tionsand II sp vention is more fully set forth. tively, which are alsosemi-circularly rounded. In thi typ of airplane the wings a mad Theserear portions of wings I are supplemented relatively narrow, instead ofbeing laterally exwith triangular fins I2 extending laterally outtensive as in the conventional type of flying matherefrom. The wings areof curved section as chine. The wings are arranged in superposedindicated in Figures 3 and 4 and adapted to nest pairs, the wings ofeach pair being adapted to against each other when brought together. Thenest with or to be separated from each other. propellers l3 are mountedon their engines l4 d The effective surface area of the wings isinpositioned under the bottom wings close to their creased as they areseparated and reduced when front ends y brackets 39 and tilted throughnested. The process of adjusting the spacing shaft 53, gearing 50 and 5|when the motor 52 between the wings produces special efiects that isstartad. Landing wheels 15 mounted on supserve to control the operationof the airplane ports 45 and trailer wheel I6 of somewhat conand itslanding and taking-off. Mechanism is ventional form are provided underthe cabinet provided for operating the wings and adjusting structure totake up the landing stresses and them to suit the conditions of flyingthat arise strains. The mechanism for controlling the powhen flying. Incase of severe storms and hursition of the wings 6 consists of cradlesl1 and ricanes the control of the area of efiective surface 13 Whichslide in Slots 33 p c y which s pof the wings offers a practical methodof overport the shaft l9 which Pa ses to the cabin coming the dangers ofthe strong winds tending space 5 to be operated through the gearing 2|to unbalance its flying capacity, which the conand 22 connected to thecradles. The inner sides ventional wings do not provide for. of thewings are equippe with pins and rollers In the drawings whichillustrated an exam- 25 and 26; and 21 and 28 respectively, front andple of this invention: back as shown. The pins travel in arcuate Figure1 is a plan view of an airplane embodyguides 29 and 30 respectively whenthe wings are ing this invention; rotated on their shaft I9. The shaftpermits the Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure 1; wings to rotatetherewith in fixed relation there- Figure 3 is a front elevation ofFigure 1; to. The shaft raises the wings through the op- Figure 4 is asectional view taken along line eration of the spur gearing 2| and gearrack 22, 4-4 of Figure 1; 5 is started;

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Figure 2;indicating the mechanism used for controlling the adjustment of thewings and their nesting or spacing apart;

when their connecting motor 3| while the motor 32 actuates the gearing23 and 24 to rotate same. The arcuate guides are secured to plates 33and 34, which slide in the 2- pieces 35 attached to the wall of thecabin therefor. The operation of the mechanism proceeds as follows; themotor 3! is started through a reversible switch and rotates the gearing2| and through the rack gear 22 raises the shaft l9 carrying the wingsvertically with it, until the end of the travel is reached, or any otherpoint that the user may select. At such points, the user starts thesecond motor 32 and tilts the wings to the desired amount. This isperformed by the rotation of the shaft and gearing 23 and 24 acting uponsame. The limit of travel is controlled by the construction of theguides. The purpose of this operation is to lift the upper wings abovethe lower wings and provide more effective wing surface for the airplaneat take-up and thereby increase its lifting power and lower the time ofraising into the air. At the same time the wings are tilted to engagethe wind at an angle and increase the lifting action. This produces aquick take-off. When travelling through the air under normal conditions,the win s are closed or nested against one another andproduce a singlepair of wings which create less frictional resistance to travel of theairplane. When the landing is made ready for, the operator uses themotor 3| for separating the wings that were nested, and increases theeffective area of the wings to produce a slower landing. The wings aretilted through the rotation of the shaft by the motor 32 to suit thelanding, as the operator deems best.

Since the operator has control of the surface area of the wings to bepresented to the Wind as the airplane flies, he can adjust them to suitany wind conditions that he may meet, and at the same time modify thespeed of the device. The shifting of the Wings tends to lessen theopportunity for the accumulation of ice thereon in wintry weather. Thepropellers with their engines may be tilted up or down in an angularposition to accelerate or retard the take-off or landing of theairplane.

While but one general form of the invention is shown in the drawings, itis not desired to limit this application to this particular form or inany other way otherwise than limited by the scope thereof, as it isappreciated that other forms could be made that would use the sameprinciples and come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. An airplane comprising in combination a cabin portion having anelongated cigar-like shape with its tail section converging controllingfins and rudder mounted on the converging portion, relatively narrowmain wings mounted on the sides of the cabin portion having their frontportions rounded semi-circularly, supplementary triangular fins mountedon the rear portions of the wings and extending laterally therefrom,auxiliary wings adapted to nest over the said wings and move to or awayfrom same, said auxiliary wings being tiltable when separated from thefirst mentioned wings so as to control the flow of air over the mainwings in predetermined directions and amount, and mechanism mounted inthe cabin portion and attached to the auxiliary wings for operating samein vertical and tilting manners.

2. An airplane comprising in combination, a cabin or body portion havingan elongated cigarshape with its tail section elongated and converging,a pair of main stationary wings on each side of the said portion having.an elongated longitudinally and rounded form and mounted adjacent to thebodynear the central portion thereof and parallel thereto, auxiliarywings movable against and away from the main wings and adapted to nestover same, and tilt at various angles when spaced away therefrom, meansfor moving the auxiliary wings in a vertical and tilting manner tocontrol the air flow over the main wings, said means being mounted onand actuable from the body portion, and engines for operating the planeunder and away from the main wings attached to the said body portion.

LINDLEY W. MOORE.

